Friday, June 13, 2025

Symptom and diagnosis 2



21.

Chief Complaint: Dry cough for 3 weeks
Associated Complaints: Low-grade fever, weight loss, fatigue
Pathology: Fungal invasion of lung parenchyma
Diagnosis: Pulmonary Histoplasmosis


22.

Chief Complaint: Breathlessness worsening over 6 months
Associated Complaints: Dry cough, chest tightness
Pathology: Progressive fibrosis of alveolar walls
Diagnosis: Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonitis (NSIP)


23.

Chief Complaint: Sudden dyspnea following trauma
Associated Complaints: Chest pain, cyanosis
Pathology: Hemorrhage in pleural cavity causing lung compression
Diagnosis: Hemothorax


24.

Chief Complaint: Recurrent wheezing episodes since childhood
Associated Complaints: Cough, especially at night; chest tightness
Pathology: Reversible bronchial hyperreactivity
Diagnosis: Atopic Asthma


25.

Chief Complaint: Progressive exertional breathlessness
Associated Complaints: Chest discomfort, syncope
Pathology: Narrowing of pulmonary arterioles → ↑ pulmonary artery pressure
Diagnosis: Primary Pulmonary Hypertension


26.

Chief Complaint: Productive cough with blood-streaked sputum
Associated Complaints: Night sweats, loss of appetite
Pathology: Reactivation of tuberculosis in upper lobes
Diagnosis: Post-Primary Pulmonary Tuberculosis


27.

Chief Complaint: Dyspnea on lying down (orthopnea)
Associated Complaints: Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, pedal edema
Pathology: Pulmonary venous congestion due to heart failure
Diagnosis: Pulmonary Edema (due to Left Heart Failure)


28.

Chief Complaint: Fever with purulent sputum after aspiration
Associated Complaints: Halitosis, chest pain
Pathology: Lung abscess with necrosis following aspiration
Diagnosis: Lung Abscess


29.

Chief Complaint: Hoarseness of voice for 2 months
Associated Complaints: Dry cough, weight loss
Pathology: Tumor compressing recurrent laryngeal nerve
Diagnosis: Mediastinal Mass (e.g., Bronchogenic Carcinoma)


30.

Chief Complaint: Sudden dyspnea after long travel
Associated Complaints: Chest pain, hemoptysis, anxiety
Pathology: Thromboembolism in pulmonary artery
Diagnosis: Deep Vein Thrombosis with Pulmonary Embolism


31.

Chief Complaint: Chest tightness on exertion
Associated Complaints: Palpitations, fatigue
Pathology: Autoimmune inflammation of lung parenchyma
Diagnosis: Connective Tissue Disease-associated ILD (e.g., SLE, RA)


32.

Chief Complaint: Cough with frothy pink sputum
Associated Complaints: Difficulty breathing, orthopnea
Pathology: Alveolar fluid leakage due to cardiac failure
Diagnosis: Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema


33.

Chief Complaint: Dyspnea and dry cough for months
Associated Complaints: Digital clubbing, basal crackles
Pathology: Fibrosis due to occupational exposure (coal, silica, asbestos)
Diagnosis: Pneumoconiosis


34.

Chief Complaint: Persistent dry cough
Associated Complaints: Joint pain, fatigue, erythema nodosum
Pathology: Granulomatous inflammation with lymphadenopathy
Diagnosis: Sarcoidosis


35.

Chief Complaint: Severe dyspnea and cough
Associated Complaints: Fever, myalgia
Pathology: Viral infection of alveolar epithelium
Diagnosis: Influenza Pneumonia


36.

Chief Complaint: Wheezing and shortness of breath
Associated Complaints: Use of nasal polyps, aspirin intolerance
Pathology: Aspirin-induced bronchospasm
Diagnosis: Samter’s Triad (Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease)


37.

Chief Complaint: Cough with whitish sputum
Associated Complaints: Nasal congestion, facial pain
Pathology: Post-nasal drip causing bronchial irritation
Diagnosis: Upper Airway Cough Syndrome (Post-nasal drip syndrome)


38.

Chief Complaint: Difficulty breathing and noisy respiration
Associated Complaints: Stridor, drooling (esp. in children)
Pathology: Acute inflammation of epiglottis
Diagnosis: Acute Epiglottitis


39.

Chief Complaint: Recurrent chest infections in a child
Associated Complaints: Delayed growth, salty-tasting skin
Pathology: Defective CFTR gene causing thick secretions
Diagnosis: Cystic Fibrosis (repeated for pediatric relevance)


40.

Chief Complaint: Dry cough, breathlessness, especially in young females
Associated Complaints: Butterfly rash, joint pain, low-grade fever
Pathology: Lupus pneumonitis from autoimmune inflammation
Diagnosis: SLE with Pulmonary Involvement



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