1. Symptom: Dry cough, progressive dyspnea
Pathology: Interstitial fibrosis leading to stiff lungs
Disease: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
2. Symptom: Productive cough with foul-smelling sputum
Pathology: Permanent dilatation of bronchi with pus accumulation
Disease: Bronchiectasis
3. Symptom: Sudden onset dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis
Pathology: Pulmonary artery obstruction by thrombus
Disease: Pulmonary Embolism
4. Symptom: Chronic cough with white sputum, wheezing
Pathology: Chronic inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in bronchi
Disease: Chronic Bronchitis (a type of COPD)
5. Symptom: Exertional dyspnea, wheeze, nocturnal cough
Pathology: Airway hyper-responsiveness with bronchoconstriction
Disease: Bronchial Asthma
6. Symptom: Sudden sharp chest pain, dyspnea, reduced breath sounds
Pathology: Air entry into pleural cavity causing lung collapse
Disease: Pneumothorax
7. Symptom: Fever, productive cough with rust-colored sputum
Pathology: Alveolar consolidation due to bacterial infection
Disease: Lobar Pneumonia (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae)
8. Symptom: Hemoptysis, weight loss, night sweats, chronic cough
Pathology: Caseating granulomatous inflammation in lungs
Disease: Pulmonary Tuberculosis
9. Symptom: Progressive exertional dyspnea, dry cough
Pathology: Sarcoid granulomas in lung interstitium
Disease: Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
10. Symptom: Persistent dry cough, hoarseness
Pathology: Recurrent laryngeal nerve involvement or bronchial tumor
Disease: Bronchogenic Carcinoma (Lung Cancer)
11. Symptom: Cough with mucopurulent sputum, fever, crackles
Pathology: Inflammatory infiltrate in alveoli and bronchioles
Disease: Bronchopneumonia
12. Symptom: Snoring, daytime sleepiness
Pathology: Upper airway obstruction during sleep
Disease: Obstructive Sleep Apnea
13. Symptom: Dyspnea, cyanosis, barrel chest
Pathology: Destruction of alveolar walls and loss of recoil
Disease: Emphysema (a type of COPD)
14. Symptom: Tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, hypoxia
Pathology: Inflammatory damage to alveolar-capillary membrane
Disease: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
15. Symptom: Wheezing, digital clubbing, persistent cough in child
Pathology: Defective chloride channels causing thick mucus
Disease: Cystic Fibrosis
16. Symptom: Dry cough, weight loss, fatigue
Pathology: Metastatic cancerous lesions in lung parenchyma
Disease: Secondary Lung Cancer (Metastatic Lung Disease)
17. Symptom: Pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, dull percussion
Pathology: Fluid accumulation in pleural space
Disease: Pleural Effusion
18. Symptom: Chronic productive cough, breathlessness
Pathology: Smoking-induced chronic airway and parenchymal damage
Disease: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
19. Symptom: Recurrent cough, sinusitis, situs inversus
Pathology: Defective ciliary motility
Disease: Kartagener's Syndrome
20. Symptom: Cyanosis, clubbing, failure to thrive in infants
Pathology: Right-to-left cardiac shunt causing hypoxemia
Disease: Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary effects)
No comments:
Post a Comment